| Equipment Type | Pneumatic air-leg rock drill | A compressed-air-powered drilling machine designed for downward, horizontal, and inclined drilling in rock and concrete. |
| Percussion Frequency | 35–40 Hz | The piston delivers approximately 35–40 impact cycles per second, converting compressed-air energy into repeated blows on the drill steel. |
| Air Consumption | 60–63 L/s | Required free-air flow depends on operating pressure, hose condition, lubrication, and drilling resistance; the air compressor should be selected with reserve capacity. |
| Operating Air Pressure | Typically 0.4–0.63 MPa | Stable pressure within the recommended range helps maintain impact energy, rotation speed, and consistent drilling performance. |
| Drilling Method | Percussive rotary drilling | Percussion fractures the rock while rotation indexes the bit between impacts, allowing the cutting edges to create and enlarge the hole. |
| Typical Hole Diameter | Approximately 34–42 mm | The actual diameter depends on the selected drill bit, rock formation, drilling angle, and the condition of the drill steel. |
| Drilling Depth | Commonly up to about 5 m per hole | Achievable depth varies with drill-rod length, rock hardness, hole deviation, flushing effectiveness, and available air pressure. |
| Air-Leg Function | Thrust support and positioning | The pneumatic leg supports the drill, controls feed force, and helps the operator position the machine at different drilling angles. |
| Flushing System | Air or water flushing | Flushing removes rock cuttings from the hole, reduces bit clogging, and helps control drilling dust when water injection is available. |
| Suitable Rock Conditions | Soft to hard rock formations | Performance depends on rock abrasiveness, compressive strength, jointing, bit geometry, and operator control. |
| Common Applications | Mining, tunneling, quarrying, and construction | Used for blast-hole drilling, secondary breaking, foundation work, small-scale tunneling, and general rock excavation. |
| Lubrication Requirement | Continuous pneumatic-tool oil supply | An air-line lubricator or approved in-line oiling method reduces wear on the piston, cylinder, rotary components, and valve assembly. |
| Air Supply Recommendation | Compressor capacity above the working demand | Use correctly sized hoses, clean filters, adequate air receivers, and sufficient compressor reserve to minimize pressure drop during drilling. |
| Key Maintenance Points | Daily inspection and cleaning | Inspect hose connections, flush passages, drill-steel shank, chuck, air-leg seals, lubrication, and fasteners before operation. |
| Operator Safety | PPE and controlled operation required | Wear eye, hearing, respiratory, hand, and foot protection; secure hoses, isolate air before servicing, and control dust and flying fragments. |
| Performance Variables | Air pressure, airflow, bit condition, and rock type | Actual penetration rate and productivity are site-dependent and should be verified under the intended geological and operating conditions. |