| Product Function | Electromagnetic switching device for starting, stopping and controlling electric motors | Low-voltage contactor and motor-starter requirements | Confirm whether the offered item is a contactor only or a complete motor starter that also includes overload protection, short-circuit protection and an enclosure. |
| Main Circuit Configuration | Commonly 3 main poles for three-phase motor applications | Pole arrangement and switching function must match the intended circuit | Check the number of main poles, normally open or normally closed auxiliary contacts, terminal layout and suitability for single-phase or three-phase loads. |
| Utilization Category | AC-1 AC-3 AC-4 | AC-1: non-inductive or slightly inductive loads; AC-3: squirrel-cage motor starting and switching off during normal operation; AC-4: inching, plugging and frequent starting | Select the rating from the actual duty cycle. A contactor rated for AC-3 should not automatically be assumed suitable for AC-4 service at the same current. |
| Operational Voltage (Ue) | Application-specific; commonly selected for low-voltage motor systems such as 230 V, 400 V or 415 V AC | Rated operational voltage affects the declared current and utilization-category rating | Match the contactor’s Ue to the motor supply voltage, frequency and connection method. Verify the exact rating at 50 Hz or 60 Hz rather than relying on a general voltage range. |
| Operational Current (Ie) | Specified in amperes for a stated Ue, frequency and utilization category | Ie is not a universal current value; it depends on AC-1, AC-3, AC-4 or another declared duty | Compare current values only when voltage, utilization category, ambient conditions and duty cycle are identical. For motor selection, use the motor’s rated full-load current and starting duty. |
| Conventional Free-Air Thermal Current (Ith) | Thermal carrying capability under the manufacturer’s specified test conditions | Ith is a thermal reference and is not automatically equal to the motor-switching Ie | Do not use Ith alone to select a motor contactor. Confirm the declared AC-3 or AC-4 operational current for the actual application. |
| Making and Breaking Duty | For AC-3, making current is typically related to motor starting current and breaking occurs at normal running current; AC-4 imposes substantially higher switching stress | Utilization-category tests represent different motor operating duties | For jogging, plugging, reversing or high-frequency cycling, request the permitted AC-4 current, switching frequency and electrical-life data. |
| Control Coil Voltage | Common options include 24 V AC/DC, 110–120 V AC and 220–240 V AC, depending on the product family | Control circuit characteristics must be declared separately from main-circuit ratings | Confirm coil voltage, AC or DC operation, permissible voltage tolerance, inrush and holding power, control frequency, and whether a suppressor or interface module is included. |
| Insulation Voltage (Ui) | Declared maximum voltage for insulation coordination under specified conditions | Ui is different from Ue and does not by itself define the permitted load-switching voltage | Verify Ui against the installation’s insulation-coordination requirements, pollution environment and control-panel design. |
| Impulse Withstand Voltage (Uimp) | Declared withstand capability for short-duration transient overvoltage | Used for insulation coordination and transient-voltage assessment | Check Uimp where the equipment is installed in industrial networks, near switching devices, or in systems exposed to lightning or surge transients. |
| Short-Circuit Coordination | Type 1 Type 2 | Coordination between contactor, overload relay and short-circuit protective device | Ask for the tested combination with the specified fuse or circuit breaker. Type 2 coordination generally requires less damage to the starter after a short circuit, but the exact protective-device combination is essential. |
| Overload Protection | Usually provided by a separate thermal or electronic overload relay in a conventional motor starter | The contactor alone does not provide complete motor overload protection | Confirm adjustment range, trip class, phase-loss sensitivity, reset mode and compatibility between the overload relay and contactor terminals. |
| Electrical Life | Depends on utilization category, operational current, switching frequency and duty cycle | Electrical endurance is application-dependent and differs from mechanical endurance | Request electrical-life curves or test conditions at the intended AC-3 or AC-4 load. A high mechanical-life figure does not guarantee equivalent motor-switching life. |
| Mechanical Life | Typically stated as a number of no-load operating cycles | Mechanical endurance is evaluated separately from loaded electrical endurance | Use mechanical-life data for expected actuator operation, but size the product using loaded electrical endurance for the motor application. |
| Operating Environment | Ambient temperature, altitude, humidity, vibration, shock and enclosure conditions affect performance | Declared ratings apply only within specified environmental conditions | Check derating above the manufacturer’s reference altitude, permissible ambient temperature, condensation control, mounting orientation and enclosure ingress protection. |
| Standards and Documentation | IEC 60947-4-1 declaration or test evidence, product datasheet, wiring diagram and installation instructions | Documentation should identify ratings, test conditions and applicable conformity requirements | Request a current technical datasheet, declaration of conformity where applicable, terminal torque data, dimensions, certificates and traceable lot information. |
| Supplier Qualification | Verified production capability, quality system, testing process and after-sales support | Compliance claims should be supported by product-specific technical evidence | Evaluate sample approval, factory testing, change-control procedures, minimum order quantity, lead time, warranty terms, spare-part availability and global logistics capability. |
| Interchangeability | Mechanical and electrical compatibility must both be demonstrated | Equivalent current labels do not guarantee interchangeable performance | Compare mounting dimensions, terminal positions, auxiliary-contact blocks, coil power, overload-relay interfaces and short-circuit coordination before approving an alternative. |